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Ukusuka Kubhontshisi Kuya Ebha—Lokho Odinga Ukukwazi Ngoshokoledi Wokuziphatha

Ubuwazi ukuthi ukhokho uyisitshalo esithambile?Isithelo esikhiqizwa isihlahla sikakhokho siqukethe i-se...

Ukusuka Kubhontshisi Kuya Ebha—Lokho Odinga Ukukwazi Ngoshokoledi Wokuziphatha

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Ubuwazi ukuthi ukhokho uyisitshalo esithambile?Isithelo esikhiqizwa isihlahla sikakhokho sinembewu okwenziwa ngayo ushokoledi.Izimo zezulu ezilimazayo nezingalindelekile njengezikhukhula nesomiso zingaba nomthelela omubi (futhi ngezinye izikhathi zicekele phansi) sonke isivuno sesivuno.Ukutshala isivuno sezihlahla esithatha cishe iminyaka emihlanu ukuze sifinyelele izinga eliphezulu lokukhiqiza, bese sikhiqiza isivuno esifanayo iminyaka engaba ngu-10 ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba kudingeke ukuthi sishintshwe, kuletha inselele yonke.Futhi lokho kuwukucabangela isimo sezulu esikahle—azikho izikhukhula, asikho isomiso.

Emhlabeni jikelele, kunesidingo esikhulu (abanye bathi ukuncika)ubhontshisi kakhokho, ezichumayo ezindaweni ezishisayo eduze nenkabazwe.(“Ubhontshisi bakakhokho” kubhekiselwa embewu eluhlaza evela esithelweni sikakhokho, kanti “ubhontshisi kakhokho” kuyindlela okubhekiselwa kuyo ngemva kowosiwe.) Ngokombiko Wemakethe Yomhlaba Ka-2019 ovela ku-International Institute for Sustainable Development, ukuthunyelwa okukhulu kakhulu kukabhontshisi kakhokho ngo-2016 kwavela e-Côte d'Ivoire, eGhana naseNigeria, okukhiqize isamba esihlangene samabhiliyoni angu-7.2.Ngokumangazayo noma cha, i-United States ithenge ukhokho wenani eliyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.3, okuwenza umthengisi wesithathu ngobukhulu ngemuva kweNetherlands neJalimane.

Ngenxa yokuthi ukhokho uyisitshalo sesandla esithembele ezingxenyeni ezincane zemishini yezolimo ukuze ulinywe, kuningi ukukhathazeka okuphakanyiswe embonini kakhokho eminyakeni edlule, kusukela ekulimeni kuya ezindabeni eziphathelene nobumpofu, amalungelo abasebenzi, ukungalingani ngokobulili, ukusetshenzwa kwezingane nesimo sezulu. shintsha.

Ngakho-ke, uyini ngempela ushokoledi wokuziphatha, futhi yini esingayenza njengabathengi ukuze sihlale sinolwazi futhi senze ukukhetha kokuziphatha?Sikhulume nochwepheshe abambalwa ngemininingwane yabo.

Uyini ushokoledi wesimilo?

Nakuba ingekho incazelo esemthethweni, ushokoledi wezimiso zokuziphatha ubhekisela endleleni izithako zikashokoledi zitholwa futhi zikhiqizwa ngayo."Ushokoledi unoxhaxha oluyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukhokho ungakhula kuphela eduze nenkabazwe," kusho uBrian Chau, usosayensi wokudla, umhlaziyi wezinhlelo zokudla kanye nomsunguli weChau Time.

Kungase kukumangaze ukwazi ukuthi amaphesenti angu-70 emindeni eyizigidi ezinhlanu efuywa ukhokho emhlabeni wonke ithola imali engaphansi kuka-$2 ngosuku ngomsebenzi wayo.UChau uyanezela, “Ukuhweba ngoshokoledi kusungulwa ezindaweni eziningi ezazingamakoloni;izinkinga eziphathelene nengcindezelo ziyavela.”
Ngakho-ke, ushokoledi wezimiso ezinhle uhloselwe ukubhekana nezinkinga zezenhlalo nezomnotho nezemvelo kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, okuhlanganisa nendlela ushokoledi okhiqizwa ngayo ngaphansi kwezindinganiso zokuziphatha nalapho abalimi nezisebenzi zikakhokho zithola amaholo afanelekile naqhubekayo.Leli gama liphinde lidlulele ekutheni umhlaba uphathwa kanjani, njengoba ukutshala izihlahla zikakhokho kungasho ukushintshwa kwamahlathi emvula okungadala ukugawulwa kwamahlathi.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi ushokoledi engiwuthengayo ulungile?

Ngeke ukwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kukashokoledi owenziwe ngobhontshisi kakhokho okhiqizwe ngokuziphatha noma ngaphandle kwawo.“Ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuzofana,” kusho uMichael Laiskonis, umpheki e-Institute of Culinary Education futhi osebenza nge-ICE's Chocolate Lab eNew York City.

Kodwa-ke, ukufuna izitifiketi ezivela eceleni, njenge-Fairtrade Certified, i-Rainforest Alliance seal, i-USDA Certified Organic kanye ne-Certified Vegan kungase kukusize ukhethe ushokoledi otholakala kubhontshisi okhiqizwe ngokuziphatha.

I-Fairtrade Certified

Isitembu sesitifiketi se-Fairtrade siphakamisa ukuthi izimpilo zabakhiqizi kanye nemiphakathi ebazungezile ziyathuthukiswa ngokuba yingxenye yohlelo lwe-Fairtrade.Ngokubamba iqhaza ohlelweni lwe-Fairtrade, abalimi bathola amasheya aphezulu emali engenayo ngokusekelwe kumodeli yentengo encane, ebeka izinga eliphansi kakhulu lapho isilimo sikakhokho singathengiswa khona, futhi babe namandla amaningi okuxoxisana ngesikhathi sezingxoxo zohwebo.

 

I-Rainforest Alliance isigxivizo sokuvunywa

Imikhiqizo kashokoledi enophawu lokuvunywa kwe-Rainforest Alliance (okuhlanganisa nomfanekiso wexoxo) iqinisekiswa ukuthi iqukethe ukhokho oselinyiwe futhi walethwa emakethe ngezindlela nezinqubo ezibhekwa inhlangano njengezisimeme imvelo futhi zibe nobuntu.

Ilebula ye-USDA Organic

Imikhiqizo kashokoledi ene-USDA Organic seal iqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo kashokoledi idlule inqubo yesitifiketi se-organic, lapho abalimi be-cocoa bedinga ukulandela imithetho eqinile yokukhiqiza, ukuphatha kanye nokulebula.

 

I-Vegan Eqinisekisiwe

Ubhontshisi kakhokho, ngokuzenzakalelayo, ungumkhiqizo we-vegan, ngakho-ke kusho ukuthini uma izinkampani zikashokoledi zisho emaphaketheni azo ukuthi ziwumkhiqizo we-vegan?

Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho imithetho kahulumeni wase-US noma imihlahlandlela yokulebula kwemifino noma i-vegan, izinkampani zingalebula umkhiqizo wazo ngokuthi “100% Vegan” noma “Azikho Izithako Zezilwane” ngaphandle kwemikhawulo.Kodwa-ke, eminye imikhiqizo kashokoledi ingase ihlanganise uju, ingcina yezinyosi, i-lanolin, i-carmine, iparele noma okuphuma kusilika.
Abanye abenzi bakashokoledi, bangase babe nelogo ye-vegan eqinisekisiwe evezwe emikhiqizweni yabo.Ama-ejensi azimele afana ne-Vegan Action/Vegan Awareness Foundation ahlinzeka ngezitifiketi ze-vegan zisebenzisa izindinganiso ze-vegan ezaziwa emhlabeni wonke nemihlahlandlela yokuhlola imikhiqizo.Ukuthola uphawu lokugunyaza kwengeza isendlalelo sokuzethemba nokwethenjwa kumkhiqizo.Noma kunjalo, abathengi bangase bafune ukwenza ukukhuthala kwabo futhi bafunde uhlu lwezithako kanye namazinga enkampani ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizo uthembekile futhi uthembekile.

Izithiyo ezingaba khona zezitifiketi, izigxivizo namalebula

Nakuba izitifiketi zezinkampani zangaphandle zizuzisa abalimi nabakhiqizi ngokwezinga elithile, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile bathola ukugxekwa kwabanye embonini ngokungahambeli kude ngokwanele ukusekela abalimi.Isibonelo, u-Laiskonis uthi inqwaba kakhokho etshalwa abalimi abancane i-organic ngokuzenzekelayo.Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokunikeza izitifiketi enenani elikhulu ingase ingakwazi ukufinyelela kulaba balimi, ibavimbele ekubeni babe yisinyathelo esisodwa ekusondelaneni nenkokhelo efanelekile.

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi isitifiketi se-Fairtrade sikhuphule ngempumelelo imali engenayo yabakhiqizi bekhofi futhi sizuzise umphakathi wendawo.Nokho, abasebenzi abangenawo amakhono ababonanga ukunyuka kwamaholo abo.Kuphinde kwaba namacala okusetshenziswa kwezingane ezitholakala emasimini kakhokho ngaphansi kohlelo lweFairtrade.
Unalokho engqondweni, u-Tim McCollum, oyi-CEO nomsunguli we-Beyond Good, uyaphakamisa, “Bheka ngale kwezitifiketi.Qonda izinkinga ezingeni eliphezulu.Bheka amabhrendi enza okuhlukile.”
U-Laiskonis uyavuma, “Uma umenzi [kashokoledi] enikeza ukubonakala okwengeziwe, kusukela ekutholeni izinto kuye ezindleleni zokukhiqiza, kuba sikhulu isithembiso sokuthengiselana okunokuziphatha okuhle nokumnandi.”

Ingabe kukhona umehluko wokudla okunomsoco phakathi kukashokoledi wezimiso zokuziphatha kanye nowejwayelekile?

Akukho mehluko phakathi kukashokoledi wesimilo kanye nowejwayelekile ngokombono wokudla okunempilo.Ubhontshisi kakhokho uyababa ngokwemvelo, futhi abakhiqizi bakashokoledi bangase bangeze ushukela nobisi ukuze bavale ukubaba kukabhontshisi.Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, lapho inani le-cocoa liphezulu, izinga likashukela liyancipha.Ngokuvamile, ushokoledi wobisi unoshukela omningi futhi unambitheka kancane kunoshokoledi omnyama, onoshukela omncane futhi unambitheka ngokubaba kakhulu.

Ushokoledi owenziwe ngezindlela ezihlukile zobisi olusekelwe esitshalweni, ezifana nezithako zikakhukhunathi, i-oat kanye namantongomane, usudume kakhulu.Lezi zithako zingase zinikeze ukwakheka okumnandi nokukhilimu kunoshokoledi wendabuko osuselwe ebisini.U-Laiskonis uyeluleka, “Naka isitatimende sezithako zokupakishwa kukashokoledi ... amabha angenalo ubisi angase enziwe emishinini ehlanganyelwayo ephinde icubungule lezo eziqukethe imikhiqizo yobisi.”

 

 

Ngingawuthenga kuphi ushokoledi oqotho?

Ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo sikashokoledi onesimilo, usungakwazi manje ukuwuthola ezitolo zegrosa yangakini ngaphezu kwezimakethe zezingcweti kanye naku-inthanethi.I-Food Empowerment Project isiqhamuke nohlu lwemikhiqizo kashokoledi we-vegan engenabisi.

 

 

Iphuzu elibalulekile: Ingabe kufanele ngithenge ushokoledi wokuziphatha?

Nakuba isinqumo sakho sokuthenga ushokoledi wezimiso zokuziphatha noma ovamile kuyisinqumo somuntu siqu, ukwazi ukuthi ushokoledi owuthandayo (nokudla ngokujwayelekile) uvelaphi kukwenza wazise abalimi, uhlelo lokudla kanye nendawo ezungezile, futhi ucabange ngezinkinga eziyisisekelo zenhlalo-mnotho. .

“Ukuqonda uhambo lukabhontshisi kakhokho usuka epulazini uye efekthri kunikeza obala, [okwenza kubonakale] ukunakekela nomzamo abalimi abawenzayo ekukhuliseni ukhokho wabo,” kusho uTroy Pearley, iphini likamongameli ophethe kanye nomphathi-jikelele, eNyakatho Melika, weDivine Chocolate.
UMat Cross, umsunguli weHarvest Chocolate, uyanezela, “Ukuthenga ushokoledi kubakhi abasekela ukuchuma kwabalimi kuyindlela enhle yokwenza ushintsho.”
U-Laiskonis uyavuma, "Ukufuna ushokoledi okhiqizwe ngokuzibophezela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu umthengi angenza ngayo ushintsho kubalimi enhla ne-supply chain."
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-17-2024

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