KuseSilicon Valley kuphela lapho umsunguli wesikhathi eside eqala ubuchwepheshe athola khona umsebenzi wesibili erobhothini elenza ushokoledi.
U-Nate Saal wafunda i-molecular biophysics kanye ne-biochemistry e-Yale University ngemva kokuphothula e-Palo Alto High School ngo-1990. Ngemva kokubuyela e-Palo Alto, washeshe wasuka kwisayensi waya ku-intanethi, wasungula lokho athi kwakuyisevisi yokuqala yokuvuselela isofthiwe esekelwe kuwebhu ku-1996. Waqhubeka waqala izinkampani zobuchwepheshe futhi kamuva wasebenzela i-CNET kanye ne-Cisco.
Kodwa kulezi zinsuku, ucwiliswe kushokoledi - ikakhulukazi, ushokolethi owenziwe idivayisi ye-countertop ayidalile ebizwa ngokuthi i-CocoTerra.Idivayisi emhlophe qwa, ebukeka njengomenzi wekhofi omkhulu, wekusasa, isebenzisa ama-algorithms, ihadiwe kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone ukuguqula ama-cocoa nibs, impushana yobisi, impushana kakhokho kanye noshukela kube ushokoledi cishe emahoreni amabili.
ISaal inethemba elikhulu ngomshini ongakakhishwa.Esikhathini sokuzenzakalela, lapho amarobhothi enza i-pizza ne-ramen futhi alethe ukudla kwethu, ubona i-CocoTerra yenza okuthile okuhlukile: ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukujula kunokuphazamisa ukuxhumana kwabantu nendlela ukudla kwabo okwenziwa ngayo.
“Asizami ukushaya ubuchwepheshe ngenxa yobuchwepheshe ngaphezu kwalokho ukuze sibukhiphe, sisuse ubuhlakani,” kusho yena."Sizama ukwakha isigaba esisha sabantu abangakwazi ukwenza ushokoledi."
Nakuba umsebenzi wobungcweti kaSaal ugxile kwezobuchwepheshe, ubelokhu egcwalisa izimpela sonto ngokuhlola ukudla kwasekhaya, njengokugcina izinyosi nokutshala amagilebhisi neminqumo ukuze enze iwayini namafutha omnqumo kusukela ekuqaleni.Uhlatshwe umxhwele “isayensi ejulile” yale misebenzi.
Ukwenza ushokoledi, nokho, kwakungekho ku-repertoire yakhe.Kwaze kwaba yilapho ethatha umlamu wakhe, osebenza ebhizinisini lekhofi, wayowunambitha ushokoledi eminyakeni embalwa edlule, futhi ingxoxo mayelana nokufana phakathi kwalezi zimboni ezimbili yamenza wacabanga.Umfowabo ucabange ukuthi imishini yekhofi yasekhaya ivumele abantu abaningi ukuba baqonde futhi bathokozele ikhofi ngendlela ushokoledi angakaze abe nakho.Abantu bawenza ushokoledi ekhaya, kodwa kwakuyinqubo ende eyayidinga ukuba nemishini eminingana ebizayo, wathola.
“Kukhona umshini wokwenza isinkwa, umenzi ka-ayisikhilimu kanye nomshini wokujula kanye ne-pasta maker kanye nomshini wokuphisa itiye nomakhi wekhofi — zonke izigaba zokudla ezinkulu zinempahla yasendlini.Engakuthola ngokushesha ukuthi ayikho into enjalo (kashokoledi),” kusho uSaal.
Wazifundisa ngokuya emakilasini okwenza ushokoledi, okuhlanganisa nekamu lokuqeqeshwa eMadre Chocolate eHawaii.Emuva e-Palo Alto, yena nethimba bathola umsebenzi wokuklama idivayisi engahlanganisa zonke izinyathelo zenqubo yokwenza ushokoledi - ukugaya, ukucwenga, ukuhlanganisa, ukuthulisa nokubumba - emshinini owodwa.Ngokuvamile igaya i-cocoa nibs yemvelaphi eyodwa cishe isigamu sehora, isebenzisa amabhola ensimbi engagqwali, bese icwenga ibhotela likakhokho, ushukela kanye nobisi lwempushana.I-Conching "iwukuxhaphaza kancane noma ukunyakazisa ushokoledi emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ukusiza ukususa ukunambitheka okungafuneki," kusho iChief Operating Officer uKaren Alter.Eqanjwe ngezinto ezimise okwegobolondo le-conch, lokhu kuyingxenye yenqubo evame ukuvezwa ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwefekthri kashokoledi, uthe, namavathi amakhulu anamapaddles anyakazisa kancane ushokoledi owuketshezi.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo, ukufudumala, kuhilela ukupholisa izithako ekushiseni okukhethekile okuzodala isakhiwo esithile se-crystal yembewu kuma-molecule ebhotela le-cocoa, u-Saal wachaza ngentshiseko.Amakristalu ayaqina, enze ushokoledi ocwebezelayo, oqinile.I-centrifuge enelungelo lobunikazi ngaphakathi komshini iyapholisa futhi isonte ushokoledi ukuze ikhiphe amabhamuza.
Umphumela wokugcina uyisikhunta sikashokoledi esimise njengendandatho, esiwuhafu wephawundi, kunebha yendabuko engunxande.
Ngasemuva, ubuchwepheshe buvumela izinga lokwenza ngokwezifiso abadali be-CocoTerra abathemba ukuthi lizokwenza idivayisi ikhange kochwepheshe njengakwabaqalayo.Isistimu yeresiphi esekelwe emafini, efinyeleleka ku-inthanethi noma ngohlelo lokusebenza, ikuqondisa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni ku-iresiphi.Abantu bangakwazi ngokuzenzakalelayo izindlela zokupheka ze-CocoTerra, ezifana noshokoledi omnyama ongu-62% noma ushokoledi wobisi onama-alimondi, noma bawenze ngendlela oyifisayo, kusukela ezingeni lobumnandi nokhilimu, ukungeza okunambithekayo nezithako, kuya ezingeni lokushisa elishisayo.Abantu bangakwazi ukulawula kalula ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma imikhawulo yokudla.
I-CocoTerra izothengisa izithako eziyisisekelo ngqo kumakhasimende, igxile ekuhwebeni okulungile, ama-nibs akhule ngokuziphatha, noma abantu bangasebenzisa ezabo.Labo asebethuthuke ngokwanele ukuba bangawosa futhi bagobe amabhontshisi kakhokho wabo basengakwazi ukwenza lokho, bawafake emshinini bese bezakhela awabo amaresiphi.
Ukukhiqiza ushokoledi wekhwalithi ngamahora amabili "kuwisa imihlathi" kwabaningi embonini kashokoledi, kusho uSaal.
"Ngangicabanga ukuthi babehlanya ngokuphelele lapho ngiqala ukukhuluma nabo ocingweni," kusho uJohn Scharffenberger etshela i-CNBC.UScharffenberger, owasungula iScharffen Berger eSan Francisco ngo-1997 ngaphambi kwenqwaba encane, ushokoledi wengcweti waba yinto, manje ungumtshalizimali we-CocoTerra futhi ukubiza ngokuthi "isandiso semvelo sokunyakaza kukashokoledi wezandla."
Inkampani ngeke idalule inani lomshini, abathi ungowokuqala emhlabeni ukwenza ushokoledi we-tabletop.I-CocoTerra iqoqe imali engaphezu kuka-$2 million ekutshalweni kwezimali futhi manje isigxile emzuliswaneni omkhulu wokuxhasa ukukhululwa kwedivayisi.
“Lokhu kumayelana nokuvela kobuchwepheshe ekwenzeni ushokoledi.Kodwa futhi kwenza ukuthi kungeneke,” kusho uSaal.“Siletha lokho kubantu ngokusebenzisa ubunjiniyela bemishini ehlakaniphile nesofthiwe ukuze ukwenze kufinyeleleke ukuze ukwazi manje ukugxila ezintweni ezifana ne-flavour neresiphi kanye nokubukeka nokuklama nobuciko bakho.”
KuseSilicon Valley kuphela lapho umsunguli wesikhathi eside eqala ubuchwepheshe athola khona umsebenzi wesibili erobhothini elenza ushokoledi.UNate Saal ufunde i-molecular biophysics kanye ne-biochemistry e-Yale University ngemva kokuphothula e-Palo Alto High School ngo-1990. Ngemva kokubuyela e-Palo Alto, washintsha ngokushesha kusukela kwisayensi kuya ku-inthanethi, wasungula lokho athi kwakuyisevisi yokuqala yokuvuselela isofthiwe esekwe kuwebhu ngo-1996. Waqhubeka waqala izinkampani zobuchwepheshe futhi kamuva wasebenzela i-CNET kanye ne-Cisco. Kodwa kulezi zinsuku, ucwiliswe kushokoledi - ikakhulukazi, ushokoledi. eyenziwe yi-countertop device ayidala ebizwa ngokuthi i-CocoTerra.Idivayisi emhlophe qwa, ebukeka njengomenzi wekhofi omkhulu, wekusasa, isebenzisa i-algorithms, ihadiwe kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone ukuguqula i-cocoa nibs, impushana yobisi, impushana kakhokho kanye noshukela kube ushokoledi cishe amahora amabili.USaal unethemba elikhulu ngomshini, okungakakhululwa.Esikhathini sokuzenzakalela, lapho amarobhothi enza i-pizza ne-ramen futhi alethe ukudla kwethu, ubona i-CocoTerra yenza okuthile okuhlukile: isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukujula kunokuphazamisa ukuxhumana kwabantu nendlela ukudla kwabo okwenziwa ngayo.” Asizami ukushaya ngempama. ubuchwepheshe ngenxa yezobuchwepheshe ngaphezu kwalokho ukubukhipha, ukususa ubuhlakani,” kusho yena.“Sizama ukwakha isigaba esisha esisha sabantu asebengakwazi ukwenza ushokoledi.” Nakuba umsebenzi ka-Saal wobungcweti egxile kwezobuchwepheshe, ubelokhu egcwalisa izimpelasonto zakhe ngokuhlola ukudla kwasekhaya, njengokugcina izinyosi nokutshala amagilebhisi neminqumo wenze iwayini namafutha e-olive kusukela ekuqaleni.Uhlatshwe umxhwele “isayensi ejulile” yale misebenzi.Ukwenza ushokoledi, nokho, bekungekho kuqoqo lakhe.Kwaze kwaba yilapho ethatha umlamu wakhe, osebenza ebhizinisini lekhofi, wayowunambitha ushokoledi eminyakeni embalwa edlule, futhi ingxoxo mayelana nokufana phakathi kwalezi zimboni ezimbili yamenza wacabanga.Umfowabo ucabange ukuthi imishini yekhofi yasekhaya ivumele abantu abaningi ukuba baqonde futhi bathokozele ikhofi ngendlela ushokoledi angakaze abe nakho.Abantu bawenze ushokoledi ekhaya, kodwa kwakuyinqubo ende eyayidinga ukuba nezinto zikagesi ezibizayo ezimbalwa, wathola.” Kunomshini wokwenza isinkwa, umenzi ka-ayisikhilimu nomshini wokujula nowokwenza ipasta nomshini wokuphisa itiye nomakhi wekhofi - njalo. isigaba esikhulu sokudla sinomshini wasekhaya.Engakuthola ngokushesha ukuthi ayikho into enjalo (kashokoledi),” kusho uSaal. Wazifundisa ngokuya emakilasini okwenza ushokoledi, okuhlanganisa nenkambu yokuqeqeshwa eMadre Chocolate eHawaii.Emuva e-Palo Alto, yena nethimba bathola umsebenzi wokuklama idivayisi engahlanganisa zonke izinyathelo zenqubo yokwenza ushokoledi - ukugaya, ukucwenga, ukuhlanganisa, ukuthulisa nokubumba - emshinini owodwa.Ngokuvamile igaya i-cocoa nibs yemvelaphi eyodwa cishe isigamu sehora, isebenzisa amabhola ensimbi engagqwali, bese icwenga ibhotela likakhokho, ushukela kanye nobisi lwempushana.I-Conching "iwukuxhaphaza kancane noma ukunyakazisa ushokoledi emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ukusiza ukususa ukunambitheka okungafuneki," kusho iChief Operating Officer uKaren Alter.Eqanjwe ngemishini emise okwegobolondo le-conch, lokhu kuyingxenye yenqubo evame ukuvezwa ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwefekthri kashokoledi, uthe, namavathi amakhulu anamapaddles anyakazisa kancane ushokoledi owuketshezi. Isinyathelo esilandelayo, ukuthulisa, sihlanganisa ukupholisa izithako endaweni ethile. izinga lokushisa elizodala isakhiwo esithile sekristalu yembewu kuma-molecule ebhotela le-cocoa, uSaal wachaza ngentshiseko.Amakristalu ayaqina, enze ushokoledi ocwebezelayo, oqinile.I-centrifuge enelungelo lobunikazi ngaphakathi emshinini iyapholisa bese iphotha ushokoledi ukuze ikhiphe amabhamuza.Umphumela wokugcina uyisikhunta sikashokoledi esimise njengendandatho, esiwuhafu wephawundi, kunebha yendabuko engunxande.Emuva, ubuchwepheshe buvumela izinga lokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo. Abadali be-CocoTerra bathemba ukuthi bazokwenza idivayisi ikhange kochwepheshe njengakwabaqalayo.Isistimu yeresiphi esekelwe emafini, efinyeleleka ku-inthanethi noma ngohlelo lokusebenza, ikuqondisa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni ku-iresiphi.Abantu bangakwazi ngokuzenzakalelayo izindlela zokupheka ze-CocoTerra, ezifana noshokoledi omnyama ongu-62% noma ushokoledi wobisi onama-alimondi, noma bawenze ngendlela oyifisayo, kusukela ezingeni lobumnandi nokhilimu, ukungeza okunambithekayo nezithako, kuya ezingeni lokushisa elishisayo.Abantu bangakwazi ukulawula kalula i-allergies noma imikhawulo yokudla.I-CocoTerra izothengisa izithako eziyisisekelo ngqo kumakhasimende, igxile ekuhwebeni okufanelekile, ama-nibs akhule ngendlela efanele, noma abantu bangasebenzisa ezabo.Labo asebethuthuke ngokwanele ukuthi bangagazisa futhi bagoqe owabo ubhontshisi kakhokho basengakwenza lokho, bawufake emshinini bese bezakhela awabo amaresiphi.Ukukhiqiza ushokoledi osezingeni ngamahora amabili “kuwisa imihlathi” kwabaningi embonini kashokoledi, iSaal. "Bengicabanga ukuthi bebehlanya ngokuphelele ngesikhathi ngiqala ukukhuluma nabo ocingweni," kusho uJohn Scharffenberger etshela i-CNBC.U-Scharffenberger, owasungula i-Scharffen Berger e-San Francisco ngo-1997 ngaphambi kwenqwaba encane, ushokoledi wengcweti waba yinto, manje ungumtshalizimali we-CocoTerra futhi ukubiza ngokuthi "isandiso semvelo sokunyakaza kukashokoledi wezandla." Inkampani ngeke idalule intengo. lomshini, abathi ungowokuqala emhlabeni wokwenza ushokoledi wetafula.I-CocoTerra ikhulise imali etshaliwe engaphezu kuka-$2 million futhi manje isigxile emzuliswaneni omkhulu wokuxhasa ukukhululwa kwalolu cingo.” Lokhu kumayelana nokuvela kobuchwepheshe bokwenza ushokoledi.Kodwa futhi kwenza ukuthi kungeneke,” kusho uSaal.“Siletha lokho kubantu ngokusebenzisa ubunjiniyela bemishini ehlakaniphile nesofthiwe ukuze ukwenze kufinyeleleke ukuze ukwazi manje ukugxila ezintweni ezifana ne-flavour neresiphi kanye nokubukeka nokuklama nobuciko bakho.”
KuseSilicon Valley kuphela lapho umsunguli wesikhathi eside eqala ubuchwepheshe athola khona umsebenzi wesibili erobhothini elenza ushokoledi.
U-Nate Saal wafunda i-molecular biophysics kanye ne-biochemistry e-Yale University ngemva kokuphothula e-Palo Alto High School ngo-1990. Ngemva kokubuyela e-Palo Alto, washeshe wasuka kwisayensi waya ku-intanethi, wasungula lokho athi kwakuyisevisi yokuqala yokuvuselela isofthiwe esekelwe kuwebhu ku-1996. Waqhubeka waqala izinkampani zobuchwepheshe futhi kamuva wasebenzela i-CNET kanye ne-Cisco.
Kodwa kulezi zinsuku, ucwiliswe kushokoledi - ikakhulukazi, ushokolethi owenziwe idivayisi ye-countertop ayidalile ebizwa ngokuthi i-CocoTerra.Idivayisi emhlophe qwa, ebukeka njengomenzi wekhofi omkhulu, wekusasa, isebenzisa ama-algorithms, ihadiwe kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone ukuguqula ama-cocoa nibs, impushana yobisi, impushana kakhokho kanye noshukela kube ushokoledi cishe emahoreni amabili.
ISaal inethemba elikhulu ngomshini ongakakhishwa.Esikhathini sokuzenzakalela, lapho amarobhothi enza i-pizza ne-ramen futhi alethe ukudla kwethu, ubona i-CocoTerra yenza okuthile okuhlukile: ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukujula kunokuphazamisa ukuxhumana kwabantu nendlela ukudla kwabo okwenziwa ngayo.
“Asizami ukushaya ubuchwepheshe ngenxa yobuchwepheshe ngaphezu kwalokho ukuze sibukhiphe, sisuse ubuhlakani,” kusho yena."Sizama ukwakha isigaba esisha sabantu abangakwazi ukwenza ushokoledi."
Nakuba umsebenzi wobungcweti kaSaal ugxile kwezobuchwepheshe, ubelokhu egcwalisa izimpela sonto ngokuhlola ukudla kwasekhaya, njengokugcina izinyosi nokutshala amagilebhisi neminqumo ukuze enze iwayini namafutha omnqumo kusukela ekuqaleni.Uhlatshwe umxhwele “isayensi ejulile” yale misebenzi.
Ukwenza ushokoledi, nokho, kwakungekho ku-repertoire yakhe.Kwaze kwaba yilapho ethatha umlamu wakhe, osebenza ebhizinisini lekhofi, wayowunambitha ushokoledi eminyakeni embalwa edlule, futhi ingxoxo mayelana nokufana phakathi kwalezi zimboni ezimbili yamenza wacabanga.Umfowabo ucabange ukuthi imishini yekhofi yasekhaya ivumele abantu abaningi ukuba baqonde futhi bathokozele ikhofi ngendlela ushokoledi angakaze abe nakho.Abantu bawenza ushokoledi ekhaya, kodwa kwakuyinqubo ende eyayidinga ukuba nemishini eminingana ebizayo, wathola.
“Kukhona umshini wokwenza isinkwa, umenzi ka-ayisikhilimu kanye nomshini wokujula kanye ne-pasta maker kanye nomshini wokuphisa itiye nomakhi wekhofi — zonke izigaba zokudla ezinkulu zinempahla yasendlini.Engakuthola ngokushesha ukuthi ayikho into enjalo (kashokoledi),” kusho uSaal.
Wazifundisa ngokuya emakilasini okwenza ushokoledi, okuhlanganisa nekamu lokuqeqeshwa eMadre Chocolate eHawaii.Emuva e-Palo Alto, yena nethimba bathola umsebenzi wokuklama idivayisi engahlanganisa zonke izinyathelo zenqubo yokwenza ushokoledi - ukugaya, ukucwenga, ukuhlanganisa, ukuthulisa nokubumba - emshinini owodwa.Ngokuvamile igaya i-cocoa nibs yemvelaphi eyodwa cishe isigamu sehora, isebenzisa amabhola ensimbi engagqwali, bese icwenga ibhotela likakhokho, ushukela kanye nobisi lwempushana.I-Conching "iwukuxhaphaza kancane noma ukunyakazisa ushokoledi emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ukusiza ukususa ukunambitheka okungafuneki," kusho iChief Operating Officer uKaren Alter.Eqanjwe ngezinto ezimise okwegobolondo le-conch, lokhu kuyingxenye yenqubo evame ukuvezwa ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwefekthri kashokoledi, uthe, namavathi amakhulu anamapaddles anyakazisa kancane ushokoledi owuketshezi.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo, ukufudumala, kuhilela ukupholisa izithako ekushiseni okukhethekile okuzodala isakhiwo esithile se-crystal yembewu kuma-molecule ebhotela le-cocoa, u-Saal wachaza ngentshiseko.Amakristalu ayaqina, enze ushokoledi ocwebezelayo, oqinile.I-centrifuge enelungelo lobunikazi ngaphakathi komshini iyapholisa futhi isonte ushokoledi ukuze ikhiphe amabhamuza.
Umphumela wokugcina uyisikhunta sikashokoledi esimise njengendandatho, esiwuhafu wephawundi, kunebha yendabuko engunxande.
Ngasemuva, ubuchwepheshe buvumela izinga lokwenza ngokwezifiso abadali be-CocoTerra abathemba ukuthi lizokwenza idivayisi ikhange kochwepheshe njengakwabaqalayo.Isistimu yeresiphi esekelwe emafini, efinyeleleka ku-inthanethi noma ngohlelo lokusebenza, ikuqondisa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni ku-iresiphi.Abantu bangakwazi ngokuzenzakalelayo izindlela zokupheka ze-CocoTerra, ezifana noshokoledi omnyama ongu-62% noma ushokoledi wobisi onama-alimondi, noma bawenze ngendlela oyifisayo, kusukela ezingeni lobumnandi nokhilimu, ukungeza okunambithekayo nezithako, kuya ezingeni lokushisa elishisayo.Abantu bangakwazi ukulawula kalula ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma imikhawulo yokudla.
I-CocoTerra izothengisa izithako eziyisisekelo ngqo kumakhasimende, igxile ekuhwebeni okulungile, ama-nibs akhule ngokuziphatha, noma abantu bangasebenzisa ezabo.Labo asebethuthuke ngokwanele ukuba bangawosa futhi bagobe amabhontshisi kakhokho wabo basengakwazi ukwenza lokho, bawafake emshinini bese bezakhela awabo amaresiphi.
Ukukhiqiza ushokoledi wekhwalithi ngamahora amabili "kuwisa imihlathi" kwabaningi embonini kashokoledi, kusho uSaal.
"Ngangicabanga ukuthi babehlanya ngokuphelele lapho ngiqala ukukhuluma nabo ocingweni," kusho uJohn Scharffenberger etshela i-CNBC.UScharffenberger, owasungula iScharffen Berger eSan Francisco ngo-1997 ngaphambi kwenqwaba encane, ushokoledi wengcweti waba yinto, manje ungumtshalizimali we-CocoTerra futhi ukubiza ngokuthi "isandiso semvelo sokunyakaza kukashokoledi wezandla."
Inkampani ngeke idalule inani lomshini, abathi ungowokuqala emhlabeni ukwenza ushokoledi we-tabletop.I-CocoTerra iqoqe imali engaphezu kuka-$2 million ekutshalweni kwezimali futhi manje isigxile emzuliswaneni omkhulu wokuxhasa ukukhululwa kwedivayisi.
“Lokhu kumayelana nokuvela kobuchwepheshe ekwenzeni ushokoledi.Kodwa futhi kwenza ukuthi kungeneke,” kusho uSaal.“Siletha lokho kubantu ngokusebenzisa ubunjiniyela bemishini ehlakaniphile nesofthiwe ukuze ukwenze kufinyeleleke ukuze ukwazi manje ukugxila ezintweni ezifana ne-flavour neresiphi kanye nokubukeka nokuklama nobuciko bakho.”
Thanda lo mbono futhi awukwazi ukulinda ukuthi lokhu kutholakale esidlangalaleni!Ubuchwepheshe obupholile kakhulu nombono wokudala omkhulu!Kuzwakala njengomqondo ocatshangelwayo kanye nekhono lokudala inhlanganisela yangokwezifiso ukuze ilingane ukunambitheka noma izifiso zokudla likhulu kakhulu!Akukhulunywa isikhathi sokuthi lokhu kukhishwa nini…??!!Ngidinga eyodwa!
suzy@lstchocolatemachine.com
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-22-2020